Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking.
Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.
Endothelial cells form the barrier between vessels and tissue and control the flow of substances and fluid into and out of a tissue.Įndothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Endothelium is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
